Q1 2023 ProFrac Holding Corp Earnings Call

Participants

Ladd Wilks

Lance Turner

Matthew D. Wilks; Executive Chairman & President; ProFrac Holding Corp.

Arun Jayaram; Senior Equity Research Analyst; JPMorgan Chase & Co, Research Division

Donald Peter Crist; Research Analyst; Johnson Rice & Company, L.L.C., Research Division

Saurabh Pant; VP; BofA Securities, Research Division

Rick Black; EVP; Dennard Lascar Associates, LLC

Presentation

Operator

Greetings. Welcome to ProFac Holding Corp. First Quarter Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A brief question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. (Operator Instructions). As a reminder, this call is being recorded. It is now my pleasure to introduce your host, Rick Black, Investor Relations. Thank you, Rick. You may begin.

Rick Black

Thank you, operator, and good morning, everyone. We appreciate you joining us for ProFrac Holding Corp.'s conference call and webcast to review first quarter 2023 results. With me today are Matt Wilks, Executive Chairman; Ladd Wilks, Chief Executive Officer; and Lance Turner, Chief Financial Officer. Following my remarks, management will provide high-level commentary on the financial highlights of the first quarter of 23 as well as the business outlook before opening the call up to your questions. There will be a webcast of today's call available via webcast on the company's website at pfholdingscorp.com as well as the telephonic recording available until May 17, 23. More information on how to access these financial features is included in the company's earnings press release. Please note that the information reported on this call speaks only as of today, May 10, 2023. And therefore, you are advised that any time-sensitive information may no longer be accurate as of the time of any replay listening or transcript reading. Also, comments on this call may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the United States federal securities law, including management's expectations on future financial and business performance. These forward-looking statements reflect the current views of ProFrac management and they're not guarantees of performance. Various risks and uncertainties and contingencies could cause actual results to differ materially, performance, or achievements to differ from those expressed in management's forward-looking statements. The listener or reader is encouraged to read ProFac Form 10-Q and other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, which can be found at sec.gov or on the company's Investor Relations website section under the SEC tab to understand those risks and uncertainties, and contingencies. The comments today also includes certain non-GAAP financial measures as well as other adjustments and figures to exclude the contribution of Flotek. Additional details and reconciliations to the most directly comparable consolidated and GAAP financial measures are included in the quarterly earnings press release, which can be found on the company's website. And now I would like to turn the call over to ProPak Executive Chairman, Matt Wilks. Matt?

Matthew D. Wilks

Thanks, Rick, and good morning, everyone. We are pleased to report ProFrac's operational and financial results for the first quarter of 2023. Once again, we generated strong revenues and adjusted EBITDA as we continue to execute on our acquired retirement place and vertical integration strategies. I am proud of what this team has accomplished and excited to realize the full potential of this business as we move forward. Since the end of the third quarter of 2022, ProFrac has closed 5 transactions, adding 12 fleets and 6 mines across multiple basins. During the first quarter of 2023, we estimate that we absorbed over $20 million of costs associated with the conversion optimization and retirement of acquired assets. To be clear, these costs were not added back to arrive at the $255 million of adjusted EBITDA for the quarter. However, it is important that we call these costs out as they are nonrecurring. Those nonrecurring costs were associated with standardizing and upgrading acquired pumps as well as optimizing efficiencies of the mines we have acquired. We incurred these expenses so that all of our assets are capable of performing to our standards. Additionally, as our asset base has expanded, we have taken the opportunity to reposition Frac fleets so that they would be in a position to cross-sell our sand and logistics. As a result of these initiatives, we believe our first quarter financial performance was not reflective of the true earning power of our business. Since becoming public, we have worked aggressively to build out our platform with several key objectives in mind. The goal remains to position ProFrac to: one, deliver the safest, highest, and most consistent service quality for our customers; two, insulate the business from cyclicality as best as possible by vertically integrating the supply chain; and three, maximize and return free cash flow to our stakeholders, which we hope to update soon. We believe we have successfully executed on the first 2 goals. Our operating efficiencies are best-in-class, and we offer a portfolio of Tier 4 dual fuel and electric fleets capable of delivering significant cost savings and emissions reductions for our customers and further separating us from our peers. As such, we were able to earn premium margins while still lowering our customers' completion cost per lateral foot which we believe is the best measure of value for services. On the supply chain side, ProFrac's vertical integration strategy is delivering incredible results. We have the largest in-basin sand footprint with approximately 23 million tons per year of production capacity. This network of sand mines positions ProFrac to capture value from the mine gate all the way to the wellhead, significantly improving the economics of our fleet. Additionally, by manufacturing our own equipment, ProFrac shorten cycle times and matches the cadence of inventory build and consumption with the activity levels of our customers. We believe this is a critical advantage that will result in improved cash flow throughout market cycles. From here, our mission is clear. We are focused on demonstrating ProFrac's earnings power and cash flow generation. In our 2-plus decades in the Frac business, we have never seen a better opportunity to generate free cash flow, all of which we intend to use to pay down debt and return to our stakeholders. Our conviction is underpinned by several factors. First, the industry's supply-demand fundamentals are as good today as we have ever seen. The majority of workable capacity is held by a small group of disciplined players. We are very encouraged by the industry's reaction to the rapid attrition of legacy equipment. We believe new horsepower entering the market will serve as replacement capacity and that the measured pace of these replacements will prevent oversupply. At ProFrac, we continuously evaluate our equipment to ensure we are allocating capital to assets that can generate our targeted rates of return. Our decision to retire the equivalent horsepower of 3 fleets earlier this year demonstrates our commitment to this practice. We believe this process in one form or another is taking place throughout the industry. Also, capital scarcity and supply chain tightness serve as high barriers to entry that did not exist in past cycles. Second, today's commodity market backdrop is constructive. In the crude market, the combination of OPEC Plus production restraint and U.S. shale producers capital discipline will continue to support the price of oil despite recent volatility. Even with the recent pullback, our customers can generate very attractive returns at current price levels. We believe these conditions will persist and that the demand for our services will remain strong for an extended period of time. As for natural gas, much has been made of the recent price decline, although gas prices have been a recent headwind, we anticipate that this situation will prove transitory. We are seeing a disconnect between the current price of gas and the underlying fundamentals for the commodity. We believe the forward curve and the coming growth in LNG export capacity reflects the reality that the world will be short natural gas for the foreseeable future. Global demand for power generation will continue to increase and natural gas is the best possible solution for meeting the world's energy needs. We believe U.S. natural gas represents a multi-decade opportunity. And for this reason, we are committed to gas basins. Our continued presence and leadership in these markets will yield immense benefits to ProFrac and reinforce critical customer relationships. Finally, we are confident in ProFrac's ability to generate free cash in the current environment because of the strategic moves we have made over the last year, ProFrac identified materials integration as being key to enhancing free cash flow generation and capturing margin from selling sand with logistics and providing chemicals is a durable opportunity that can represent as much as $25 million of annualized gross profit for every fleet supply. ProFrac has controlled and custody of key supply chains. We manufacture fluid ends, power end and high-pressure iron, and we build and refurbish our own pump units and blenders. The obvious benefit of vertically integrated manufacturing is reduced maintenance costs. However, we believe the true power of our vertical integration comes from better asset management and cash flow management with shorter lead times, more of our equipment is available to work and generate revenue. Plus lower exposure to outstanding purchase orders results in more discretionary cash flow and protects us in a market downturn. Industry discipline has become a welcome narrative. For ProFrac, we believe our disciplined approach will maximize free cash flow. With that, I'll turn the call over to Ladd.

Ladd Wilks

Thanks, Matt. First, I want to thank our team for their hard work and dedication as they continue serving our customers so well. In Q1, ProFrac realized a 7% increase in sequential revenue and generated $255 million of adjusted EBITDA despite the significant one-off costs incurred following our recent acquisitions. Our results for the quarter were impacted by business improvement initiatives associated with these acquisitions. We're prepared to adjust our commercially available resources to respond to industry discipline. During the quarter, we made moves that will enable us to fully execute our strategy of integrating materials and capturing the full earnings potential of our fleet moving forward. We continue to see tightness in the market and stable service pricing. This market backdrop is supportive of our business. We will remain disciplined in the same way that our customers behave, and we will deploy our fleets where they can earn an attractive return and generate cash for us to return to our stakeholders. Following our recent acquisitions, we went toward upgrading and standardizing these assets. Additionally, as we added sand capacity, we began relocating fleets to be better positioned to integrate our bundled services moving forward. We have consistently seen significantly higher annualized gross profit generated from fleets that pump our sand and use our logistics and chemicals. This earnings potential is what drove our profit acquisitions over the last year. Since the end of the third quarter of 2022, ProFrac added over 16 million tons per year of capacity across key markets. Historically, several of our legacy fleets and all our acquired fleets were working on an equipment-only basis. Our strategic priority has been and will continue to be increasing the number of fully integrated fleets we operate. We are already seeing the benefits of this strategy. As a reminder, during the fourth quarter of last year, ProFrac sold approximately 33% of the sand at pulp. Only 4 fleets were using sand produced by our mine. We exited Q1 averaging 40% and more than tripled the number of fleets using sand mine by ProFrac. We look forward to building on this trend and continuing to grow our profits per fleet. We continue to see a very tight sand market with a strong demand and robust pricing across all of our markets. However, our sand mining operations have yet to demonstrate their full potential. Our Lamesa Mine shipped its first load at the end of December and continues to ramp up its utilization. When we closed on the Performance acquisition in February, the Sunny Point mine was just beginning operation. We expect to continue improving utilization across all mines throughout 2023. With 23 million tons per year of production capacity, we believe our mines can serve as many as 46 fleets. This is an immense opportunity that we're only beginning to tap into as only a fraction of our fleets are currently pulling sand from Alpine Mine. As such, the cross-sell opportunities are significant. As Matt mentioned earlier, each fleet that we supply offers the potential to capture as much as $25 million in annualized gross profit. Our position as a leading producer of in-basin sand and one of the largest Frac service providers is unique, and we look forward to demonstrating the earnings power of this combination. Demand for our services remains robust. The highest quality customers are seeking service providers with assets and technology that can reliably deliver efficiency cost savings. We have responded to this demand by upgrading much of our legacy Tier 2 equipment to Tier 4 dual fuel and building new electric fleet. This strategy continues to pay dividends. We recently deployed an e-fleet with a top-tier customer on a dedicated basis, and we expect to deploy another in the near future as demand for this equipment is strong. With our industry-leading portfolio of next-generation equipment, ProFrac is well-positioned to deliver best-in-class performance and consistent fuel cost savings. This creates a win-win situation that differentiates us from competitors and will ultimately benefit ProFrac and its customers. Furthermore, ProFrac shareholders stand to benefit as well as the increased demand for this next-generation equipment translates into improved equipment utilization and superior pricing. Looking forward into the second quarter, we expect continued sequential revenue growth. Activity in the natural gas basins has slowed versus what we saw throughout 2022. And as a result, we do expect some white space to persist. However, we believe the depressed price of gas is a temporary phenomenon. Pricing remains very attractive in today's market across all basins. In pursuing commercial opportunities, ProFrac will always prioritize generating returns over winning market share. We continue to work alongside our customers as they update and refine their expected completion schedules with the goal of minimizing gas in the calendar and integrating more materials into our fleet. We expect to see an improved contribution from our profit production segment during the second quarter as it will be the first quarter with full contribution from all 8 mines operated by Profrac. This should allow us to further capitalize on the previously mentioned materials opportunity. Furthermore, with the integration of the recently acquired pressure pumping companies behind us, all our fleets are using ProFrac SOPs, which should enhance efficiencies while reducing R&M expense. These factors should boost profitability moving forward. I'll now hand it over to Lance to provide more detail on our financial results.

Lance Turner

Thank you, Ladd. On a consolidated basis, revenue for the first quarter totaled $852 million, an increase of 7%. The revenue increase was driven primarily by the improved average active fleet count and an increase in the amount of proppant sold. Adjusted EBITDA, excluding Flotek was $255 million, a decrease of 5% sequentially. We incurred approximately $20 million of costs related to the conversion, optimization, and retirement of acquired assets during the quarter for which we did not make an adjustment to EBITDA. These costs were comprised of $12 million related to upgrading acquired fleet pumps to ProFrac's latest technology, $3 million for optimizing certain acquired assets, and $5 million of direct costs associated with fleets that were retired and are no longer being marketed. As expected, our adjusted EBITDA per fleet on an annualized basis, excluding Flotek, decreased due to the diluted utilization along with an increase in costs associated with the company's work to standardize acquired fleets. Selling, general and administrative costs were $76.3 million in the first quarter. Excluding stock-based compensation and amounts attributable to Flotek, selling, general and administrative costs totaled $51.8 million. Turning to our business segment. The Simulation Services Segment generated revenues of $790 million in the first quarter, up 3% sequentially. Adjusted EBITDA for the segment was $206 million compared to $252 million in the previous quarter. Although revenues increased due to a higher average active fleet count, it was offset by lower utilization and elevated costs resulting from the recent acquisitions. As we expand our material integration, we may see profit shift amongst segments based on specific customer agreements and our commercial approach. The Profit Production Segment generated revenues of $82 million in the first quarter, up 132% sequentially. Adjusted EBITDA for the profit Production Segment totaled $41 million, up 104% from the $20 million reported in the fourth quarter. The improvement was primarily driven by a full quarter contribution from the number of mines in operation and the volume of proppant produced in the quarter. Approximately 39% of this segment's revenue with intercompany compared to 64% in the previous quarter driven by the newly acquired mines and third-party customer mix. During the quarter, we averaged approximately 5 mines operating and expect continued growth as we averaged 8 mines in the second quarter. Additionally, as we improve the efficiencies at our plants, we expect to see a lower cost per ton and higher output at each mine. The Manufacturing Segment generated revenues of $67 million in the first quarter, up 31% from the previous quarter. Approximately 95% of this segment was intercompany revenue for products and services provided to the Stimulation Services Segment. Adjusted EBITDA for the Manufacturing Segment was $8 million, a vast improvement from the fourth quarter. In the first quarter, the other business activities segment, which represents Flotek generated revenue of $49 million and an adjusted EBITDA loss of $7.9 million. Cash capital expenditures totaled $83.2 million in the first quarter, excluding acquisitions. While this is expected to accelerate over the next 2 quarters given the anticipated timing of project completions, many of the project materials have already been paid for and are in inventory. During the first quarter, we continued to pursue various growth initiatives, specifically the construction of 4 e-fleets and the previously announced engine upgrade program. The remainder of our CapEx is mainly used to perform necessary equipment maintenance. We will remain disciplined with our capital allocation plans and expect to reduce capital spend based on total fleet activity levels to ensure that we are in our targeted rates of return on all capital investments. Operating cash flow was $233 million during the first quarter, which was supported by a working capital tailwind of approximately $48 million. However, we did experience an increase in inventory assumed from our recent acquisitions, along with the additional inventory that is used to standardize the acquired equipment. We expect that these recent inventory builds will reduce our cash requirements over the coming quarters and serve as a tailwind for cash flow generation. At the end of the first quarter, ProFrac had approximately $1.2 billion of net debt. As Matt mentioned, our focus for the remainder of 2023 is generating free cash flow. In the first quarter, we produced free cash flow of roughly $150 million, a significant increase from the $42 million achieved in the previous quarter. We expect our net leverage to decline throughout the year as we pay down debt and continue to grow our earnings. With that, operator, please open the line for questions.

Question and Answer Session

Operator

(Operator Instructions) Our first question is from Arun Jayaram with JPMorgan.

Arun Jayaram

I was wondering if you could give us maybe some thoughts on how you think 2Q could kind of play out from a profitability standpoint? Ladd, you mentioned you expect sequential growth in terms of the top line. I was wondering if you could maybe give us a little bit more thoughts on maybe stimulation services, you expect sequential growth on the top line there? And how do you think EBITDA could play out, assuming that the $20 million doesn't repeat on a sequential basis?

Ladd Wilks

Yes. We're not going to provide any guidance on our path forward. Just that sequentially, we expect to see consistent improvement as we digest these transactions and continue to bring each of the potential for these subsidiaries for ProFrac Holdings as a holdings company represented in multiple service lines. And our focus is maximizing the profitability across each of those service lines.

Arun Jayaram

Okay. Fair enough. Fair enough. And maybe for Lance. I was wondering if you could help us out on just thinking about how CapEx could trend over the next couple of quarters and for the full year. And if you can just help us from a modeling standpoint on the timing for the 4 fleets that will -- over the balance of the year, that would be helpful.

Lance Turner

Yes. I think that Q2 will probably be a little heavier-weighted. And then Q3 will be a little heavier than Q4. I think that right now, I think we're going to adjust the CapEx budget as we think about how many fleets we offer into the market and what the customer demand is for those fleets. But I think that we're not revising the full-year outlook at this point. But I think that we're taking a disciplined approach to all CapEx, including maintenance and growth CapEx as we look forward.

Matthew D. Wilks

One thing I would add to add to that, though, is that the timing of CapEx and the capital outlay for that are not on the same timeline. Much of the inventory that we carry now has already been paid for. And so whenever we pull that into CapEx that will already have been paid for. So from a cash outlay standpoint, there's -- it doesn't have a big impact.

Arun Jayaram

Okay. And are we still looking at CapEx in, call it, the $350 million range for the full year?

Matthew D. Wilks

That would be the high end. We expect it to be a lot lower, but we're not looking to provide any visibility into that at this time.

Operator

Our next question is from Saurabh Pant with Bank of America.

Saurabh Pant

I guess I'll maybe start with, if you can just walk us through the different basins, obviously, the gas basin and the oil basin, and the underlying dynamics are a little different at this point in time. If you can just walk us through what you're seeing in the gas basins versus the oil basins and how you are repositioning your assets? And maybe talk to your strategy a little bit in the near term and across these spaces.

Matthew D. Wilks

Yes. So we're seeing a very disciplined approach from our customers and just really operators as a whole. And so we've seen relatively consistent capital deployed by each one of them. They didn't ramp up a whole lot whenever oil was at 120 and gas was pushing $10. So it hadn't really pulled back a whole lot -- from -- now that you have a lower price point. I think that when you look at the forward curve on the gassy markets, you've got a very constructive curve. And with your larger players with good hedges, they've maintained a steady CapEx program. So we're seeing a pretty good outlook. We like where we sit. We like how our -- how the overall services space is also remaining disciplined. And I think it's that disciplined approach that does go in and make sure that you maximize the profitability of every asset that you have working. But we're not going to go in and focus in on each basin. I think for the most part, the industry remains sold out -- and as we put the digesting these transactions in Q1 behind us, I think that we'll be back on the path that everyone knows and expects from ProFrac. And if we had a chance to do it again, we would do it again. We like the opportunities that exist for the business and like the path that we're on, and we'll continue down that path to generating cash flow for our stakeholders.

Saurabh Pant

Okay. Perfect. No, I appreciate that answer. And a quick follow-up to what Arun was asking, he was trying to dig into the second quarter. I appreciate we can't provide guidance right now, right? But just to make sure we are thinking about the starting point, right? Should we add back the $20 million to the 1Q EBITDA and then think about that as a starting point for second quarter? Or is that not the right way to look at it?

Matthew D. Wilks

Yes, that's the way I look at it. Those were nonrecurring items associated with these acquisitions and as well as upgrading the equipment to a standardized format. And so when we look at that, we look at that as being inclusive. So what does that put us at $2.75? And then from there, we see this CQ2 as being sequentially stronger and look forward to delivering on those results.

Operator

Our next question is from Don Crist with Johnson Rice.

Donald Peter Crist

I wanted to ask about the electric fleets as they are built and kind of rollout. Are they going to displace Tier 2 or kind of lesser quality fleets, i.e., are you going to keep your fleet count roughly stable with the first quarter as those roll out?

Matthew D. Wilks

So we certainly believe that they will displace the Tier 2 equipment. And in general, across the entire space, we also believe that the next-gen equipment that's out there from anything from dual fuel to e-fleet to direct drive will continue to displace the Tier 2 equipment that is -- has a high degree of consumption of diesel. And with that excessive costs -- so we -- as we look forward, this is continuing to be a very concentrated market that's very healthy, and we believe that it's going to do a great job all the way through the cycle. And as we see that consolidation in the space, it's going to continue to push more and more towards technology because this isn't just that there's fewer players that represent the market. It's that it's fewer players with technology and lower operating costs because ultimately, the #1 thing for our customers is reducing their overall cost per lateral foot. And so technology allows 2 things -- a number of things to exist at the same time, higher stage rates for your equipment products, while also reducing the overall net cost from the reduction of fuel costs.

Donald Peter Crist

Okay. And just one more for me, I guess, for Lance on the balance sheet. As you see free cash flow coming across the transom, should we assume that you keep some minimum level of cash and then the rest kind of gets sweeped over to either the term loan or the revolver going forward?

Lance Turner

I think our goal is to kind of minimize the revolver as opposed to carry it. I mean, we will have some minimum level of cash, but it's going to be pretty small. I think what you see in March 31 is really kind of just the timing of collections or payments in the 24 hours following. And so I think we want to minimize interest costs and just keep that ABL kind of going with cash generationor the term loan in the case of the quarterly payments of sweeps.

Matthew D. Wilks

Yes, and. So I think it's a good time to jump on this. So as we look at our discretionary cash going forward, we're going to be paying down our debt, and we're also going to be going presenting to our Board for approval, a return of capital program. And this proposal will be going to our board in the very near future in the next couple of weeks, where we outline what we'll be doing with our discretionary cash, either a dividend or a buyback -- and so we'll get that over to them, and we'll be updating shareholders as soon as possible. And along with that, one thing I would highlight is that whenever we look at our float here, our inventory is higher than our float. CapEx budget is higher than our float, ABL is higher than our float. Our quarterly EBITDA is higher than our float. I honestly don't understand why any energy company out there would want to be a public company. And so we'll be looking at what we do with our discretionary cash as a very focused effort to make sure that all stakeholders get their proportional share of those discretionary cash flows.Â

Operator

We have reached the end of our question-and-answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to the management for closing comments.

Matthew D. Wilks

Those were my closing comments.

Operator

This will conclude today's conference. You may disconnect at this time, and thank you for your participation.